Finally, phenomena like fake news and echo chambers, that is, online communication structures in which one-sided information circulates, can not only erode users' trust in online information and services, but can also contribute to societal polarization and can pose threats to elections and democratic societies as a whole. Companies also increasingly suffer damages and competitive disadvantages from espionage and intellectual property theft facilitated via online channels. Nevertheless, incidents like the spread of online fake news and hackers illegitimately acquiring large amounts of personal user data such as credit card data or passwords have drawn increased attention to the dangers and challenges of digitalization and the over-dependence on few marketdominating service providers: Individual users of online services (e.g., social networking websites) are confronted with the risks of manipulation, online fraud, and identity theft which can lead to both financial harm and psychological distress. Further, based on our findings, we call for more multi-disciplinary/multi-agency research on IE in order to construct a comprehensive framework to combat IE. Particularly, we systematically: i) identify key features of IE by analysing its current definitions, and coin our own working definition ii) discuss the current state of research on IE from different academic disciplines iii) highlight some key challenges in the current state of research on IE and iv) identify some possible trends in its future development.
In this paper, we report a comprehensive Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of current English literature on IE. Thus, an in-depth understanding of IE is necessary.
Currently, techniques generated by rapid developments of Internet of Things (IOTs) and Data Science are enabling a massive increase of both frequency and power of IE related activities in our increasingly challenging global commercial environment. Industrial Espionage (IE) is an umbrella term covering a complicated range of activities performed to gain competitive advantages, resulting in a huge amount of financial loss annually.
0 kommentar(er)
